Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry

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2013 | May-August | Volume 7 | Issue 2

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

CR Gururaju, KM Raghu, R Thanuja, K Jayaprakash

Management of Syncope in Dental Camps

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:72 - 74]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-72  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Syncope is a transient, self-limiting, self-correcting loss of consciousness, usually leading to fall on prolonged standing. The normal circulation is restored immediately after the collapse lest the patient is suffering from any underlying diseases. Dental camps as an adjunct to public health dentistry provide awareness and treatment but lack hospital level management or emergency support system. Hence, in a dental camp, a dental practitioner should be well aware of the prevention and treatment practices to manage patients experiencing syncope with available limited resources. The present article summarizes such treatment guidelines for efficient management of syncope in dental camps till the medical emergency unit arrive thus facilitating better health care delivery.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

D Agrawal

Cephalometric Analysis for Diagnosis and Treatment of Orthodontic Patients

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:75 - 79]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-75  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Cephalometric analysis for diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic patients is essentially a measurement system designed to describe relationships between various parts of the skeletal, dental and soft tissue elements of craniofacial complex. As the linear and angular measurements vary between males and females and with the age, one of our objectives was to compare the statistical difference between males and females. The study was performed using sample size of 60 cephalometric radiographs of 30 males and 30 females. The samples were selected on the basis of class I dental relationship with clinically acceptable profile, no history of orthodontic treatment and of Jaipur (Rajasthan) population.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

A Wali, TM Siddiqui, M Taqi, N Niazi, Rizwaullah

Prevalence of Caries and Periodontal Disease in Betel Quid Chewers in Relation to Gender

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:80 - 83]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-80  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease in betel quid chewers in relation to gender and to determine the treatment need and priorities in Betel quid chewers attending Baqai Dental College.

Material and Method

A cross sectional study conducted among patients selected from the out patient department of Baqai Dental College Karachi. A total of 100 patients aged between 22 to 60 years participated in the study. Patients with consumption of minimum seven betel quid since at least 6 months were included. Informed consent was obtained before the study began and each patient completed a questionnaire. The purpose of which was to access and obtain the information about the betel quid habits. Patients were asked to proceed for an oral examination as soon as they had finished filling the questionnaire. Reliability and validity of data was analyzed by chi square test using SPSS 19.0 version.

Result

A Total of 100 patients were examined in this survey. The total number of sound teeth in males was 443(84%) and total number of teeth with decay was 85(16%). The total number of sound teeth in females was 207(76%) and total number of teeth with decay was 65(24%). Female subjects showed 61% of pocket 4-5mm, mostly observed in lower right first molar. In males 4-5mm pocket was 80%, Bleeding on probing was 1% in females and 4% in males. Pocket greater than 6mm was 27% in females and 16% in males.

Conclusion

The present study concluded that effect of dental caries in betel quid chewers is less. A high prevalence rate of periodontal disease was found in betel quid chewers.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

NA Ingle, S Hemapriya, PE Chaly, VC Reddy

Prevalence of Malocclusion and Orthodontic Treatment Needs Among 12 and 15 Years Old Rural School Children in Kancheepuram District, Tamilnadu

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:7] [Pages No:84 - 90]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-84  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction

Oral health care in rural areas is limited due to shortage of dental manpower, financial constraints and the lack of perceived need for dental care among rural masses.

Aim and Objectives

To assess malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12 and 15 years old rural school children in Kancheepuram district.

Materials and Methods

Multistage random sampling methodology was employed for the selection of blocks, village panchayats, schools and school children. The final sample size of the study is 1000 which included 500 children from 12 years and 500 from 15 years. The malocclusion was recorded using Dental Aesthetic Index.

Results

The overall prevalence of malocclusion among both the age groups was 75%. The mean DAI score among the 12 years was 29.1 ± 6.02 and among the 15 years was 28.2 ± 5.45 respectively.

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that there is high prevalence of malocclusion among the rural school children.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

OB Braimoh, AN Ofili

Utilisation of Dental Services Among Patients in a Tertiary Health Institution in Nigeria

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:91 - 94]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-91  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate utilisation of dental services among patients and investigate the reasons for failure to receive treatment.

Materials and methods

Self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on demography, treatment obtained and reason for failure to receive treatment among patients attending a tertiary health institution.

Results

Two hundred and eighty-eight (73.8%) out of the 390 recruited for the study received treatment for their dental complaints and more than half of this (54.9%) had extraction done. Most of the patients 37.4% visited either for pain or because they wanted their teeth removed (25.8%). Time wasting (43.1%) was given as the major reason for failure to receive treatment.

Conclusion

This study revealed that the study population has poor attitude towards oral health, visit dental hospital when in pain and time wasting in the dental clinic was the major reason for not receiving treatment.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

V Arora, DK Nath, G Bagchi, M Nath, B Kahar, RB Gaunkar

Priority of Prosthodontic Need Assessment: Functional vs Other Quality of Life Needs – A Quality of Life Assessment Using APS-ARG QOL(DS) – A Pilot Project

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:95 - 100]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-95  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objective

Restoration of functional ability is the topmost priority on the mind of a prosthodontist, however, functional restoration alone does not fulfil the treatment needs of a patient.

Material & Method

A 20-item scale for understanding quality of life related to prosthodontic treatment needs was tested for internal consistency and usefulness in understanding the priorities of treatment needs of patients. The scale was administered to 30 patients, mostly in the elderly age group (Mean age 59.43±10.28 years) seeking prosthodontic rehabilitation at Chandra Dental College and Hospital, Barabanki (U.P.), India. On testing the internal consistency of the scale, it was found to be reliable (Cronbach alpha 0.711).

Result

Though functional needs emerged as the topmost priority for patients yet emotional needs were found to be as much important while social needs and financial needs occupied the lower tiers on the hierarchy of treatment needs. The differences in relative importance of different dimensions were well explained and were found to be logical.

Conclusion

The scale was found to be a useful utility in quantification of prosthodontic need and in order to understand the prosthodontic need beyond considerations of fulfilment of functional disability alone.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

BC Manjunath, BR Chandrashekar, RRM Vatchala, P Babaji, I Singh, K Arora, C Madan

Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance in Dentistry

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:7] [Pages No:101 - 107]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-101  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

Antimicrobial agents are life saving drugs which are used in management of various life threatening infections but irrational use of antibiotics have led to resurgence of multidrug resistant bacteria which are associated with global increase in mortality due to various infections. Dentists are one among important health care personnel who prescribe antibiotics routinely to treat various oral infections.

Objectives

To summarise the evidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) encountered in dental practice, discuss factors associated with it and suggest measures to prevent antimicrobial resistance in dentistry.

Methodology

Articles were identified by searching in electronic data bases such as PubMed, Medline, Embase, Google Scholar and Cochrane data bases using key words like antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance, and antibiotic resistance in dentistry. The articles fulfilling the objectives were included.

Results and Conclusions

Dentists also contribute significantly to the global burden of antimicrobial resistance due to irrational use of antibiotics. Antibiotic stewardship is essential to prevent antimicrobial resistance in dental practice and hence there is an urgent need to educate not only dentists but general public as well. The article describes the gravity of the AMR and the importance of prudent use of antibiotics is discussed.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

A Chatterjee, CS Baiju, S Bose, SS Shetty

Clinical Uses and Benefits of Ultrasonic Scalers as Compared to Curets: A Review

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:108 - 113]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-108  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Complete cementum removal is no longer a requisite. Many studies have demonstrated that hand and power-driven instruments are equally effective in reducing the probing depth, attaining attachment level gains and reducing inflammation by removal of plaque bacteria, calculus, and endotoxin. Power-driven instruments have many advantages over the manual scalers; however, further studies are needed to improve the performance of currently available instruments. These include the development of a more effective tip and ultrasonic generator unit. Long-term randomized controlled studies are also required to examine the efficacy of the newly designed scalers. These studies would help to provide treatment based on exact information regarding the instrument and technology.

Every instrument comes with its own disadvantages and advantages but when proper protocol is followed the instrument can be put to its best use for the comfort of the patient and the operator. The use of Ultrasonic in periodontal surgery definitely has benefits but the choice to use hand instrument or ultrasonic instruments depends solely in the manual skill, expertise and preference of the clinician.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

H Kaur, S Chaudhary, P Tangde

MTA : Boon to Apexification

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:114 - 118]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-114  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

A significant problem associated with the endodontic treatment of necrotic teeth with open apices is achieving an acceptable seal in the apical area to allow compaction of root filling material. The procedure to create an apical barrier with a hard tissue at the root end is termed as Apexification. Calcium hydroxide is currently the most accepted material for the same. Because of the certain inadequacies associated with Calcium hydroxide Apexification, employing of an apical plug using MTA (Mineral Trioxide aggregate) has gained popularity in recent years. This article is thus an insight to the evolution and recent trends in Apexification.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

SK Panwar, A Bitharia

Precancerous Oral Lesions: A Review

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:8] [Pages No:119 - 126]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-119  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

This article reviews the different types of oral lesions and factors associated with the development of premalignant (leukoplakia and erythroplakia) and actual cancerous lesions. Diagnostic tools and aids to diagnosis are discussed, as are treatment modalities. Early detections of these lesions could save lives.

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CASE REPORT

ET Ertas, AE Sekerci, Y Sisman, H Sahman, M Etoz

Natal Teeth: A Report of Three Cases

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:127 - 131]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-127  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Cases of infants born with a tooth or teeth or have teeth that erupted within the first month of their birth are rare in occurrence. Teeth present in the oral cavity at birth are termed natal teeth, while those which erupt during the first 30 days of life are called neonatal teeth. Natal and neonatal teeth usually represent units of normal primary dentition, and only 1 to 10% are supernumerary, therefore dentists advise they be left in the mouth to avoid future space management issues. In this case report we represent three cases with two each natal teeth and their long term follow-ups.

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CASE REPORT

P Singh, M Dhamija, P Dhamija

Recurrent Pyogenic Granuloma – A Clinical Evaluation

[Year:2013] [Month:May-August] [Volume:7] [Number:2] [Pages:2] [Pages No:132 - 133]

   DOI: 10.5005/johcd-7-2-132  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

The pyogenic granuloma is a localized tumour like overgrowth in the oral cavity caused by reaction to mild irritation. It is considered to be non-neoplastic in nature. Clinically, oral pyogenic granuloma is a smooth or lobulated exophytic lesion manifesting as small, red erythematous papules on a pedunculated or sometimes sessile base, which is usually haemorrhagic. Treatment of pyogenic granuloma consists of conservative surgical excision which is usually curative. There is a relatively high rate of recurrence (about 15%) after simple excision. This case report describes a recurrent intraoral pyogenic granuloma which was successfully treated with surgical excision and scaling teeth without any significant complications.

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