Background: Shift work, particularly rotating shifts, has been associated with health issues such as sleep disturbances and systemic diseases, potentially influencing periodontal health. This study explores the relationship between shift work, sleep disturbances, and periodontal conditions among industrial workers. Aim: To assess the prevalence of sleep disturbances and their association with gingivitis and periodontitis in industrial workers in Chennai, focusing on the impact of shift work. Setting and design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 146 industrial workers. Participants were categorized based on their shift patterns—rotating shifts and fixed day shifts. Materials and methods: Data were collected using a pre-validated questionnaire and clinical examination (CPITN index), covering demographics, habits, oral health, and sleep quality. Statistical analysis used: Chi-square test using SPSS software version 25.0. Results: Workers on rotating shifts exhibited significantly poorer periodontal health, with a higher prevalence of periodontitis and lower rates of gingivitis and healthy gingiva compared to fixed day shift workers. Severe sleep disturbances were more common in rotating shift workers, and individuals with severe sleep disturbances were more likely to have periodontitis. Smokers showed a higher prevalence of sleep disturbances and worse periodontal health outcomes. Conclusion: The study highlights the negative impact of rotating shift work on both sleep quality and periodontal health. There is a strong association between sleep disturbances, smoking, and periodontitis, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to improve health outcomes in industrial workers.