Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry

Register      Login

VOLUME 17 , ISSUE 3 ( September-December, 2023 ) > List of Articles

REVIEW ARTICLE

Nutrition and Periodontium

Kharidhi Laxman Vandana, Deeksha D Pai, Jayashree M

Keywords : Antioxidant, Diseases, Nutrition, Periodontal, Systemic health, Vitamin

Citation Information : Vandana KL, Pai DD, M J. Nutrition and Periodontium. J Oral Health Comm Dent 2023; 17 (3):109-115.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10062-0177

License: CC BY-NC 4.0

Published Online: 31-01-2024

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2023; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim: With few literature providing a detailed knowledge of the role of nutrition on periodontal tissue, we aimed to provide an insight for the dentists on how nutrition impacts general and oral health and how dental treatment can impact the nutritional status of the patient. Background: For human growth, development, and preservation of health, nutrition is crucial. The relation of oral and general health has been well known and well-studied in the past years. Review results: Also, this review article explains how nutrition is linked to biofilm, host nutrition and immunity in periodontal disease, effects of nutrition on the immune response, role of nutrients in the wound-healing process. We have also explained the necessary periodontal screening parameters, the role of each nutritional aspect that affects periodontal tissues along with an emphasis on the newer concepts. Conclusion: Nutrition plays an integral aspect that influences oral as well as periodontal health directly or indirectly. Clinical significance: An in-depth knowledge of the influence of nutrition on periodontal aspect is a must for all dental professionals for a healthy clinical practice.


HTML PDF Share
  1. Caton JG, Lowenguth RA. Classification and diagnosis of periodontal diseases. J Calif Dent Assoc 1993;21(11):23–34. PMID: 8598519.
  2. Glickman N, Mitchell HH. The total specific dynamic action of high-protein and high-carbohydrate diets on human subjects. J Nutr 1948;36(1):41–57. DOI: 10.1093/jn/36.1.41.
  3. Lovdal A, Arno A, Waerhaug J. Incidence of clinical manifestations of periodontal disease in light of oral hygiene and calculus formation. J Am Dent Assoc 1958;56(1):21–33. DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.1958.0021.
  4. Genco RJ. Current view of risk factors for periodontal disease. J Periodontol 1996;67(10 Suppl):1041–1049. DOI: 10.1902/jop.1996.67.10.1041.
  5. Kornman KS, Löe H. The role of local factors in the etiology of periodontal diseases. Periodontology 1993;2:83–97. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.1993.tb00222.x.
  6. Jensen L, Logan E, Finney O, et al. Reduction in accumulation of plaque, stain and calculus in dogs by dietary means. J Vet Dent 1995;12(4):161–163. PMID: 9693645.
  7. Logan EI, Finney O, Hefferren JJ. Effects of a dental food on plaque accumulation and gingival health in dogs. J Vet Dent 2002;19(1):15–18. DOI: 10.1177/089875640201900102.
  8. Bowden GH, Li YH. Nutritional influences on biofilm development. Adv Dent Res 1997;11(1):81–99. DOI: 10.1177/08959374970110012101.
  9. Chandra RK. Nutrition and the immune system: An introduction. Am J ClinNutr 1997;66:440S–443S. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/66.2.460S.
  10. Cunningham-Rundles S. Analytical methods for evaluation of immune response in nutrient intervention. Nutr Rev 1998;56:S27–37. DOI: 10.1111/j.1753–4887.1998.tb01641.x.
  11. Raindi D. Nutrition and Periodontal Disease. Dent Update 2016;43(1):66–68, 71–72. DOI: 10.12968/denu.2016.43.1.66.
  12. Scrimshaw NS, SanGiovanni JP. Synergism of nutrition, infection, and immunity: An overview. Am J ClinNutr 1997;66:464S–477S. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/66.2.464S.
  13. Haake SK, Nisengard RJ, Newman MG, et al. Microbial interactions with the host in periodontal diseases. In: Newman MG, Takei HH, Carranza FA, editors. Carranza's clinical periodontology. 9th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2002. pp. 132–152.
  14. Karmakar, Shaswata. Nutrition and Periodontium: A connecting link. Int J Curr Res 2019;11(4):2913–2917. DOI: 10.24941/ijcr.35050.04.2019.
  15. Nutrition and Oral Medicine. Edited by: Touger-Decker R, Sirois DA, and Mobley CC, Totowa, NJ: Humana Press Inc.
  16. Palmer CA. Diet and Nutrition in Oral Health. 2nd ed. New Jersey: Prentice hall.
  17. Nishida M, Grossi SG, Dunford RG, et al. Dietary vitamin C and the risk for periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2000;71(8):1215–1223. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2000.71.8.1215.
  18. Alfano MC, Miller SA, Drummond JF. Effect of ascorbic acid deficiency on the permeability and collagen biosynthesis of oral mucosal epithelium. Ann NY Acad Sci 1975;258:253–263. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb29286.x.
  19. Goetzl EJ, Wasserman SI, Gigli I, et al. Enhancement of random migration and chemotactic response of human leukocytes by ascorbic acid. J Clin Invest 1974;53:813–818. DOI: 10.1172/JCI107620.
  20. Leggott PJ, Robertson PB, Rothman DL, et al. The effect of controlled ascorbic acid depletion and supplementation on periodontal health. J Periodontol 1986;57(8):480–485. DOI: 10.1902/jop.1986.57. 8.480.
  21. Shannon IL, Gibson WA. Intravenous ascorbic acid loading in subjects classified as to periodontal status. J Dent Res 1965;44:355–361.104. DOI: 10.1177/00220345650440020801.
  22. Woolfe SN, Kenney EB, Hume WR, et al. Relationship of ascorbic acid levels of blood and gingival tissue with response to periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol 1984;11:159–165. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1984.tb01319.x.
  23. Oliver WM, Leaver AG, Scott PG. The effect of deficiencies of calcium or of calcium and vitamin D on the rate of oral collagen synthesis in the rat. J Period Res 1972;7:29–34. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1972.tb00628.x.
  24. Henrikson PA. Periodontal disease and calcium deficiency: An experimental study in the dog. Acta Odontol Scand 1968; 26(Suppl. 50):1–132. PMID: 5248894.
  25. Lundgren S, Rosenquist JB. Short term bone healing in calcium deficiency osteopenia and disuse osteopenia: Experimental studies in adult rats. Scand J Dent Res 1992;100:337–339. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.1992.tb01083.x.
  26. Krall EA, Wehler C, Garcia RI, et al. Calcium and vitamin D supplements reduce tooth loss in the elderly. Am J Med 2001;111:452–456. DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(01)00899-3.
  27. Oliver WM. The effect of deficiencies of calcium, vitamin D or calcium and vitamin and of variations in the source of dietary protein on the supporting tissues of the rat molar. J Peridont 1969;4:56–59. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1969.tb01946.x.
  28. Freeland JH, Cousins RJ, Schwartz R. Am J ClinNutr 1976;29:745–749. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/29.7.745.
  29. Enwonwu CO. Interface of malnutrition and periodontal diseases. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61(Suppl.):430S–436S. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/61.2.430S.
  30. Sculley DV, Langley-Evans SC. Salivary antioxidants and periodontal disease status. Proc NutrSoc 2002;61:137–143. DOI: 10.1079/pns2001141.
  31. Chandra RK. Nutrition and immunoregulation. Significance for host resistance to tumors and infectious disease in human and rodents. J Nutr 1992;122:754–757. DOI: 10.1093/jn/122.suppl_3.754.
  32. Tonetti MS, Chapple IL; Working group 3 of Seventh European Workshop on Periodontology. Biological approaches to the development of novel periodontal therapies – Consensus of Seventh European Workshop on Periodontology. J Clin Periodontol 2011;38(Suppl 11):114–118. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01675.x.
  33. Department of Health. Delivering better oral health: An evidence-Based toolkit for prevention 3rd edn. Public Health England: Wellington House, London. June 2014.
  34. Tomar N, Gupta C, Kaushik M, et al. Nutrigenomics: A perio-nutrition interrelationships. J Oral Res Rev 2017;9:32–36.
  35. Roberfroid MB. Prebiotics and probiotics: are they functional foods? Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71(6):1682S–1687S. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/71.6. 1682S.
  36. Jackson MJ, Dillon SA, Broome CS, et al. Are there functional consequences of a reduction in selenium intake in UK subjects? Proc Nutr Soc 2004;63(4):513–517. DOI: 10.1079/pns2004382.
  37. DeBusk RM, Fogarty CP, Ordovas JM, et al. Nutritional genomics in practice: where do we begin? J Am Diet Assoc 2005;105(4):589–598. DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2005.01.002.
  38. Vandana KL. Fluorosis and periodontium: A report of our institutional studies. J Clin Dent Res Organ 2014;6:7–15. DOI: 10.4103/2231-0754.139084.
  39. Vandana KL, Srishti Raj B, Desai R. Dental fluorosis and periodontium: An original research report of In vitro and in vivo institutional studies. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021;199(10):3579–3592. DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02494-0.
PDF Share
PDF Share

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.